Cymraeg

Machinery
Section 6 - General Health and Safety When Working with Tractors and Machines

This resource is suitable to support Level 2 Agriculture courses.

Content

This section on general health and safety when working with tractors and machines will contain information on the following:

  • Using tractors with attachments in and around the farm
  • The Health and Safety Work Act 1974
  • Risk assessments
  • PUWER
  • LOLER
  • person working on tractor

    Safe Working Practice

    All activities should be carried out following safe working procedures which follow available codes of practice and relevant health and safety legislation. If corners are cut then this could result in an accident, damage to machinery and equipment and potential prosecution and fines.

    tractor side loading on field

    Codes of Practice and Legislation

    All codes of practice have identified good practice adopting safe working procedures which will minimise the risk of accidents or damage.

  • All Health and Safety legislation is designed to protect employers and employees from the risk of work related ill health and injury.
  • tractor in field

    Using Tractors with Attachments In and Around the Work Area

    With regard to the use of tractors and attachment you must be aware of the following:

  • You must be trained to use the tractor and implement
  • Ensure that the combination is safe to use
  • Wear suitable clothing and footwear
  • All guarding must be in place
  • tractor with attachment in field

    Using Tractors with Attachments In and Around the Work Area

    With regard to the use of tractors and attachment you must be aware of the following:

  • Ensure work area is clear of hazards including animals and people
  • When manoeuvring the combination (tractor and implement) you must be aware of the added space required to carry out manoeuvre
  • Must use the combination according to the manufacturer’s operating manual
  • Use correct warning signals.
  • tractor with attachment in field

    Using Tractors with Attachments In and Around the Work Area

    With regard to the use of tractors and attachment you must be aware of the following:

  • Use the unit in suitable, safe ground conditions suitable for the task
  • Make adjustments for changing ground conditions including rough terrain and slopes
  • Never step across a rotating pto shaft
  • When using a noisy combination assess the noise levels and wear ear defenders as necessary
  • Take regular breaks when carrying out tedious field tasks (field rolling)
  • What Action Should be Taken in the Event of an Accident?

    Incidents – an event which has the potential to cause harm to yourself or others, or cause damage to materials or equipment, should be reported to your supervisor and recorded on an incident form.

  • Sometimes incidents are termed near misses or near hits
  • It is essential that incidents are reported to prevent reoccurrence of the event and therefore prevent a potential accident
  • tractor carrying haybales

    What Action Should be Taken in the Event of an Accident?

    When an accidents occur it is a legal requirement for that accident to be reported and your employer to record the accident in a designated Accident Book.

  • Certain types of accidents will have to be reported to the HSE under RIDDOR.
  • It is your employer’s duty to do that.
  • person holding clipboard and pen

    First Aid

    The employer is required to ensure that there is adequate first aid provision for the type of work that is carried out on the farm. Everyone working on the farm should know :

  • Who to contact if they are ill or injured.
  • Where the First Aid box is kept.
  • Who the First Aiders are.
  • Who to contact/telephone in an emergency and what the procedures are.
  • person administering first aid to a knee with blood on it

    Manufacturer Instructions

    The manufacturers instructions are specific guide to the efficient, safe operation of their equipment.

  • The instructions will specify the maintenance required for the equipment and when that maintenance is required.
  • It will give details of the controls, safe operating methods and the capability of that equipment.
  • tractor with attachment

    Failure to Follow These Instructions Could Result In

  • Failure of the equipment
  • Damage to other equipment
  • Inefficient operation of the equipment
  • Unsafe operation which could result in an accident
  • Significant reduction of the working life of the equipment
  • graphic of white 'X'

    Who Does the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 Cover?

    The HSWA 1974 is an important act covering the legal duties of:

  • Employers
  • Employees
  • Self-Employed
  • The purpose of the act is to provide a legal framework to encourage high standards of health and safety at work.

    two health and safety law posters

    What Are the Aims of the Act?

    Its aims are:

  • To safeguard the health, safety and welfare of all farm workers
  • To protect the general public from risks to health and safety caused by the activities of farmers and contractors
  • To control the keeping and use of explosive or highly flammable substances
  • To control the emission into the atmosphere of harmful or offensive substances from farms
  • two health and safety law posters

    What are the Employers Responsibilities?

  • Provide a safe working environment.
  • Provide safe equipment and systems of work.
  • Provide information, instruction, training and supervision.
  • Arrange for the safe storage, transport and use of tools and substances.
  • Provide adequate welfare facilities.
  • person in field near quad bike

    What are the Employees Responsibilities?

  • Take reasonable care of their own health and safety.
  • Take reasonable care of other people who may be affected by what they do or don’t do at work.
  • Cooperate with their employer on health and safety.
  • Not interfere with or misuse anything provided for their health, safety or welfare.
  • two people with hands around each other in farmyard, staring at camera

    Farm Safety Policy

    This is a general statement of the policies and procedures relating to safety on the farm.

  • Within that is the requirement that the employees are trained to use the machinery and able to use them safely.
  • person attaching equipment to tractor

    Employee Responsibilities

  • Behave in a manner not to endanger yourself or others by your work activities.
  • Conform to safety procedures laid out in the policy.
  • Not to damage or misuse safety equipment.
  • Report any hazards to your supervisor.
  • Carry out activities you have been trained to do.
  • Seek advice from your supervisor.
  • person sat down, laughing, wearing overalls

    Risk Assessment

    It is the employer’s responsibility to ensure that suitable and sufficient risk assessments are carried out where there is a significant risk of injury or ill health as a result of work activity.

    If there are more than 5 employees the significant findings have to be recorded.

    two tractors on narrow road

    Risk Assessment

    If risk assessments have been produced, all employees need to be aware of the assessment and the employer needs to explain the assessment and inform all staff of the hazards, risk, and control measures they need to follow to minimise the risk of harm.

    tractor working in field

    Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER)

    PUWER 98 is one of the most important sets of regulations dealing with the safety of vehicles and machinery provided for use at work.

    tractor with ballast attached in field

    PUWER 98

    In general terms, the Regulations require that work equipment is:

  • Suitable for its intended use;
  • Safe for use,
  • Maintained in a safe condition and, in certain circumstances, inspected to ensure this remains the case;
  • Used only by people who have received adequate instruction, information and training; and accompanied by suitable safety measures, eg protective devices, markings, warnings.
  • closeup of tractor equipment

    Puwer 98: Tractors

    Briefly require that tractors are:

  • Suitable for the intended use e.g. a four wheel drive tractor for work on slopes
  • Maintained and checked on a regular basis with relevant records kept Operators are adequately trained and competent
  • Supplied with a roll bar or cab, a removable key for starting/immobilisation and the guarding of PTO shafts
  • person working on tractor

    Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998

    These regulations apply to lifting equipment and operations and tractors. Front end loaders are part of these. To comply then employers and operators need to:

  • Choose equipment which is suitable for the work e.g. do not use a big bale spike for handling other loads
  • Check the condition of the equipment e.g. frame of the loader for cracks, pins, bushes and hydraulic hoses
  • Ensure that accessories for lifting are suitable and load tested/marked
  • Plan lifting operations to ensure they are safe
  • tractor working with loader